Billi Research Group
 Engineering devices and technologies to diagnose, monitor, and treat musculoskeletal diseases
  Orthopaedic Biology, Digital Health, Musculoskeletal Research, Wearable Technologies, 3D Printing, Smart and Functional Materials, and Smart Textiles.  Particle Analysis, Bone on-a-chip, Wearable Technologies, Sensor Fusion

SOPHISTICATED PURIFICATION PROTOCOL - We developed a new purification/isolation protocol that does not require filtration. The particles are deposited directly onto ultra-smooth, high contrast wafers during the density gradient purification. This provides recovery of virtually all of the particles in the sample, including those as small as few nanometers, and excellent dispersion for accurate elemental analysis and morphological characterization using SEM, STEM and EDS. The protocol is highly flexible and can be applied to a variety of materials: UHMWPE, PEEK, Al2O3, DLC, CoCr, Ti6Al4V and others. Since it is based on density gradient centrifugation, there is virtually no limit to the type of material that can be isolated. In addition, particles of several different materials can be separated simultaneously from a single sample, providing they have different densities. Furthermore, the method has been optimized also for synovial fluid and tissues.